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The following shows the various updates to 'Diagnostic Assistance'

Version 6.1
Number of topics: 252
Number of pages (if printed): 623
Number of illustrations: 651

Version 6.1 Version 5.1
Chapter
Page Title
New
Updated
Illustrations
A4 pages
Title
Section
New
 

1

Chapter page

1.1

Basic Electrics
6.1 14 4 Basic Electrics 1 5.1

1.2

Batteries
6.1 2 5

1.3

Keyless Go System
6.1 2 5

2

Starting Circuits
3 3 Starting Circuits 2

3

Charging
4 3 Charging Circuits 3

4

Chapter page

4.1

Ignition Primary Circuits
6 9 Primary Ignition 4

4.2

Ignition Secondary Circuits
9 7 Secondary Ignition 5

4.3

Testing Ignition Secondary Circuits
6.1 7 5

5

Chapter page
5.1 Indirect Petrol Electronic Fuel Injection 20 17   Electronic Fuel Injection 7

5.2

Direct Petrol Electronic Fuel Injection
6.1 1 3

6

Chapter page

6.1

Diesel Mechanical Fuel Injection
6 6 Diesel Mechanical Pumps 12

6.2

Diesel Mechanical Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
6.1 1 1 Diesel Trouble Shooting Chart 11

6.3

Types of Electronic Diesel Fuel Injection
6.1 9 8  

6.4

Bosch Diesel Common Rail (part1)
1 3 Diesel Common Rail Page 1 13

6.4 (ref.)

HDI - Engine
1 1 Enlarged Photo - HDI Engine 13

6.5

Bosch Diesel Common Rail (part2)
5 8 Diesel Common Rail Page 2 13

6.6

Bosch Diesel Common Rail (part3)
4 9 Diesel Common Rail Page 3 13

6.7

Bosch Diesel Unit Injection (Pumpe-Duse)
6.1 8 8

7

Electronic Control Modules
2 3 Engine Control Modules 10

7 (ref.)

ECM Locations
0 3 ECM locations 10

8

Chapter page
Sensors & Actuators 8

8.1
Sensors (Petrol EFI)
8.1.1  Coolant Temperature Sensors 6.1 2 2   Coolant Temperature Sensors 8

8.1.2
Air Temperature Sensors 1 1 Air Temperature Sensors 8
8.1.3  Fuel Temperature Sensors 1 1   Fuel Temperature Sensor 8
8.1.4  Crankshaft Position Sensors 1 2   Crank Angle Sensors 8
8.1.5  Camshaft Position Sensors 1 2   Camshaft Sensors 8
8.1.6  Engine Speed Sensors 1 1   Engine Speed Sensors 8
8.1.7  Throttle Position Sensors 2 3   Throttle Switches & Potentiometers 8
8.1.8  Airflow Sensors 2 3   Air Flow Meters 8
8.1.9  Atmospheric Pressure Sensors 6.1 0 1  
8.1.10  Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensors 2 2   MAP Sensors 8
8.1.11  TMAP Sensors 6.1 1 1  
8.1.12  Lambda Sensors 3 3   Lambda Sensors 8 5.1
8.1.13  Knock Sensors 1 2   Knock Sensor 8
8.1.14  Road Speed Sensors 1 1   Road Speed Sensors 8
8.1.15  Miscellaneous Sensors 1 2   Miscellaneous Sensors 8
8.1.16  Symptoms of Failed Sensors 0 4   Symptoms of failed sensors 8
8.2  Actuators (Petrol EFI)  
8.2.1  Ignition Coils 6.1 3 2   Ignition Coils 8
8.2.2  Injectors 6 4   Petrol Injectors 8
8.2.3  Fuel Pumps 6.1 6 4   Fuel Pumps 8
8.2.4 Idle Speed Control 4 4   Idle Speed Control Valve 8
8.2.5 Electronic Throttle Control 4 3   Electronic throttle control 18
8.2.6 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve 5 3   Emission Control Devices 8
8.2.7 Electronic Engine Cooling Fans 6.1 2 2  
8.2.8 Diagnostic Plug and Warning Light 1 1   OBD Light and Socket 8
8.2.9 Symptoms of Failed Actuators 6.1 0 6  
8.3 Sensors (Common Rail Diesel)  
8.3.1 Fuel Temperature Sensors 6.1 1 1  
8.3.2 Turbocharger Boost Air Temperature 6.1 1 1  
8.3.3 Turbocharger Boost Pressure Sensors 6.1 1 1  
8.3.4 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensors 6.1 2 2  
8.3.5 Miscellaneous Sensors 6.1 1 2  
8.3.6 Symptoms of Failed Sensors 6.1 0 2  
8.4 Actuators (Common Rail Diesel)  
8.4.1 Glow Plugs 6.1 1 1  
8.4.2 Fuel pressure control solenoid 6.1 1 2  
8.4.3 Fuel quantity control solenoid 6.1 1 1  
8.4.4 Injectors 6.1 5 4  
8.4.5 Turbocharger waste gate valve 6.1 4 2  
8.4.6 Symptoms of Failed Actuators 6.1 1 3  
9 Chapter page  
9.1 Petrol Emissions 6.1 3 4   Emissions 9
9.2 Diesel Emissions 6.1 4 6   Topic - Diesel Emissions 18
9.3 Emission Control Devices 6.1 2 3  
9.4 Diesel Particulate Filters 6.1 3 8  
10 Anti-locking Braking Systems 6 9   Anti-locking Brakes System 17 5.1
10 (ref.) Yaw 1 1   Yaw 17 5.1
11 Air Conditioning 12 13   Air Conditioning 16 5.1
12 Chapter page  
12.1 EOBD 6.1 2 6   EOBD 14
12.2 EOBD Generic codes 6.1 0 1  
12.3 Diagnostic Socket Locations 6.1 1 1  
12.4 Communication and Binary Code 6 2   Binary code 18
12.5 Multiplexing 2 4   Topic - Multiplex Wiring Systems 18
12.6 CAN-Bus 6.1 5 5   CAN-Bus and LIN-Bus 18 5.1
13 Chapter page   Diagnostic Flowcharts 20
13.1 Six Step Approach 6.1 0 3  
13.2 Diagnostic Procedures - Checking Batteries 2 3   Flowchart - Checking Batteries 20
13.2 (ref.) Image of amp meter on battery 6.1 1 1  
13.3 Diagnostic Procedures - Engine Fails to Crank or Cranks Slowly 2 4   Flowchart - Engine Does Not Crank 20
13.4 Diagnostic Procedures - Engine Cranks but fails to start - Checking HT circuits 1 2   Flowchart - Non Start HT Circuit 20
13.5 Diagnostic Procedures - Engine Cranks but fails to start - Checking LT circuits (Inductive pick-ups) 1 2   Flowchart - Non Start LT (Inductive) 20
13.6 Diagnostic Procedures - Engine Cranks but fails to start - Checking LT circuits (Hall effect pick-ups) 1 2   Flowchart - Non Start LT (Hall Effect) 20
13.7 Diagnostic Procedures - Engine Cranks but fails to start - Electronic Fuel Injection 1 2   Flowchart - Non Start Fuel 20
14 Chapter page  
14.1 Waveform Library - Sensors  
14.1.1 Waveform - Air Flow Meter - Air Vain 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Air Flow Meter - Air Vain 19
14.1.2 Waveform - Air Flow Meter - Digital 6.1 2 2    
14.1.3 Waveform - Air Flow Meter - Hot Wire 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Air Flow Meter - Hot Wire 19
14.1.4 Waveform - Faulty - Air Flow Meter 6.1 1 2   Waveform - Faulty - Air Flow Meter 19
14.1.5 Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - AC Excited 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - AC Excited 19
14.1.6 Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - Inductive 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - Inductive 19
14.1.7 Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - Hall Effect (example 1) 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - Hall Effect (example 1) 19
14.1.8 Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - Hall Effect (example 2) 6.1 1 2   Waveform - Camshaft Sensor - Hall Effect (example 2) 19  
14.1.9 Waveform - Camshaft vs. Crankshaft Sensors (dual trace) 6.1 1 2   Waveform - Camshaft vs. Crankshaft Sensors (dual trace) 19  
14.1.10 Waveform - Coolant Temperature Sensor 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Coolant Temperature Sensor 19  
14.1.11 Waveform - Coolant Temperature Sensor (Vauxhall) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Coolant Temperature Sensor (Vauxhall) 19
14.1.12 Waveform - Crankshaft Sensor - Hall Effect 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Crankshaft Sensor - Hall Effect 19
14.1.13 Waveform - Crankshaft Sensor - Inductive (engine cranking) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Crankshaft Sensor - Inductive (engine cranking) 19
14.1.14 Waveform - Crankshaft Sensor - Inductive (engine running) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Crankshaft Sensor - Inductive (engine running) 19
14.1.15 Waveform - Distributor (Hall Effect) Pick-up 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Distributor (Hall Effect) Pick-up 19
14.1.16 Waveform - Distributor (Inductive) Pick-up (Engine Cranking) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Distributor (Inductive) Pick-up (Engine Cranking) 19  
14.1.17 Waveform - Distributor (Inductive) Pick-up (Engine Running) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Distributor (Inductive) Pick-up (Engine Running) 19  
14.1.18 Waveform - Knock Sensor 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Knock Sensor 19  
14.1.19 Waveform - MAP Sensor (Analogue) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - MAP Sensor (Analogue) 19
14.1.20 Waveform - MAP Sensor (Digital) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - MAP Sensor (Digital) 19
14.1.21 Waveform - Oxygen Sensor (Titania) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Oxygen Sensor (Titania) 19
14.1.22 Waveform - Oxygen Sensor (Ziconia) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Oxygen Sensor (Ziconia) 19
14.1.23 Waveform - EOBD Oxygen Sensors 6.1 3 2   Waveform - EOBD Oxygen Sensors 19
14.1.24 Waveform - Power Steering Pressure Sensor 6.1 2 2    
14.1.25 Waveform - Road Speed Sensor (Hall Effect) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Road Speed Sensor (Hall Effect) 19
14.1.26 Waveform - Throttle Pedal Sensor (ETC) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Throttle Pedal Sensor (ETC) 19
14.1.27 Waveform - Throttle Position Sensor (ETC) 6.1 1 2   Waveform - Throttle Position Sensor (ETC) 19
14.1.28 Waveform - Throttle Potentiometer 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Throttle Potentiometer 19
14.1.29 Waveform - Fault Throttle Potentiometer 6.1 1 2   Waveform - Fault Throttle Potentiometer 19
14.1.30 Waveform - Throttle Potentiometer and Switch 6.1 1 2   Waveform - Throttle Potentiometer and Switch 19
14.1.31 Waveform - Throttle Switch 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Throttle Switch 19
14.1.32 Waveform - TMAP 6.1 2 2   Waveform - TMAP 19
14.2 Waveform Library - Actuators    
14.2.1 Waveform - Carbon Canister Solenoid Valve 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Carbon Canister Solenoid Valve 19
14.2.2 Waveform - Variable Speed Cooling Fan 6.1 4 3    
14.2.3 Waveform - EGR Solenoid Valve 6.1 2 2   Waveform - EGR Solenoid Valve 19
14.2.4 Waveform - Fuel Pump Current 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Fuel Pump Current 19
14.2.5 Waveform - Idle Speed Control Valve (Electromagnetic) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Idle Speed Control Valve (Electromagnetic) 19
14.2.6 Waveform - Idle Speed Control Valve (Rotary) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Idle Speed Control Valve (Rotary) 19
14.2.7 Waveform - Injector - Multi-point injection (voltage) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Injector - Multi-point injection (voltage) 19
14.2.8 Waveform - Injector - Multi-point injection (current) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Injector - Multi-point injection (current) 19
14.2.9 Waveform - Injector - Multi-point injection (multi-pulsing) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Injector - Multi-point injection (multi-pulsing) 19
14.2.10 Waveform - LPG Injector Simulator 6.1 1 2   Waveform - LPG Injector Simulator 19
14.2.11 Waveform - Single Point Injection (current) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Single Point Injection (current) 19
14.2.12 Waveform - Single Point Injection (example 1) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Single Point Injection (example 1) 19
14.2.13 Waveform - Single Point Injection (example 2) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Single Point Injection (example 2) 19
14.2.14 Waveform - Stepper Motor (4 wire) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Stepper Motor (4 wire) 19
14.2.15 Waveform - Stepper Motor (5 wire) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Stepper Motor (5 wire) 19
14.2.16 Waveform - Throttle Body Servomotor 6.1 3 3   Waveform - Throttle Body Servomotor 19
14.2.17 Waveform - Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 19
14.3 Waveform Library Ignition    
14.3.1 Waveform - Amplifier Earth 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Amplifier Earth 19  
14.3.2 Waveform - EDIS Unit (PIP & SAW) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - EDIS Unit (PIP & SAW) 19  
14.3.3 Waveform - Ignition Amplifier ECM Signals 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Ignition Amplifier ECM Signals 19  
14.3.4 Waveform - Primary vs. Secondary (dual trace) 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Primary vs. Secondary (dual trace) 19
14.3.5 Waveform - Faulty Ignition Coil 6.1 4 3   Waveform - Faulty Ignition Coil 19
14.3.6 Waveform - Coil-per-cylinder with Integral Amplifier 6.1 2 3    
14.3.7 Waveform - Ignition Primary 6.1 6 3   Waveform - Ignition Primary 19
14.3.8 Waveform - Ignition Primary (Burn Time) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Primary (Burn Time) 19
14.3.9 Waveform - Ignition Primary (Sparkline) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Primary (Sparkline) 19
14.3.10 Waveform - Ignition Primary (Induced Voltage) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Primary (Induced Voltage) 19
14.3.11 Waveform - Ignition Primary (Dwell Period) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Primary (Dwell Period) 19
14.3.12 Waveform - Ignition Primary (Current 1) 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Ignition Primary (Current 1) 19  
14.3.13 Waveform - Ignition Primary (Current 2) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Primary (Current 2) 19  
14.3.14 Waveform - BMW Ignition Primary 6.1 2 2   Waveform - BMW Ignition Primary 19
14.3.15 Waveform - Ignition Secondary 6.1 6 3   Waveform - Ignition Secondary 19
14.3.16 Waveform - Ignition Secondary (Burn Time) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Secondary (Burn Time) 19
14.3.17 Waveform - Ignition Secondary (Sparkline) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Secondary (Sparkline) 19
14.3.18 Waveform - Ignition Secondary (Plug Kv) 6.1 1 1   Waveform - Ignition Secondary (Plug Kv) 19
14.4 Waveform Library Miscellaneous    
14.4.1 Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Inductive) 6.1 4 3   Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Inductive) 19
14.4.2 Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Inductive) Dual Trace 6.1 1 1   Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Inductive) Dual Trace 19
14.2.3 Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Inductive) Cornering 6.1 1 1   Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Inductive) Cornering 19  
14.2.4 Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Digital) 6.1 5 2   Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Digital) 19  
14.2.5 Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Digital) Dual Trace 6.1 1 1   Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Digital) Dual Trace 19  
14.2.6 Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Digital) Cornering 6.1 1 1   Waveform - ABS Speed Sensor (Digital) Cornering 19  
14.4.7 Waveform - Alternator Volts and Amps 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Alternator Volts and Amps 19  
14.4.8 Waveform - Alternator 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Alternator 19  
14.4.9 Waveform - CAN-Bus Signal Integrity 6.1 1 2   Waveform - CAN-Bus Signal Integrity 19  
14.4.10 Waveform - CAN-Bus Data Integrity 6.1 1 1   Waveform - CAN-Bus Data Integrity 19  
14.4.11 Waveform -CAN-Bus Long Capture 6.1 1 1   Waveform -CAN-Bus Long Capture 19  
14.4.12 Waveform - LIN-Bus Engine off 6.1 1 2   Waveform - LIN-Bus Engine off 19  
14.4.13 Waveform - Cranking Amps (Petrol) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Cranking Amps (Petrol) 19  
14.4.14 Waveform - Cranking Amps (Diesel) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Cranking Amps (Diesel) 19  
14.4.15 Waveform - Glow plug Timer Relay 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Glow plug Timer Relay 19  
14.4.16 Waveform -Smart Charging (Ford) 6.1 4 3      
14.4.17 Volt Drop Test 6.1 10 7      
14.5 Waveform Library Electronic Diesel Injection      
14.5.1 Waveform - CDI Accelerator Pedal Sensor 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI Accelerator Pedal Sensor 19  
14.5.2 Waveform - CDI Airflow Sensor 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI Airflow Sensor 19  
14.5.3 Waveform - CDI Camshaft (Hall Effect) Sensor 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI Camshaft (Hall Effect) Sensor 19  
14.5.4 Waveform - CDI EGR Solenoid Valve 6.1 1 2   Waveform - CDI EGR Solenoid Valve 19  
14.5.5 Waveform - CDI Engine Speed Sensor 6.1 1 2   Waveform - CDI Engine Speed Sensor 19
14.5.6 Waveform - CDI High Fuel Pressure Sensor 6.1 1 1   Waveform - CDI High Fuel Pressure Sensor 19
14.5.7 Waveform - CDI Injector (Current) Idle 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI Injector (Current) Idle 19
14.5.8 Waveform - CDI Injector (Current) Under Acceleration 6.1 1 1   Waveform - CDI Injector (Current) Under Acceleration 19
14.5.9 Waveform - CDI Injector (Current) Overrun 6.1 1 1   Waveform - CDI Injector (Current) Overrun 19  
14.5.10 Waveform - CDI Inlet Air Pressure Sensor 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI Inlet Air Pressure Sensor 19
14.5.11 Waveform - CDI Turbo Pressure Sensor Solenoid Valve (At idle) 6.1 1 2   Waveform - CDI Turbo Pressure Sensor Solenoid Valve (At idle) 19
14.5.12 Waveform - CDI Turbo Pressure Sensor Solenoid Valve (Under Acceleration) 6.1 1 2   Waveform - CDI Turbo Pressure Sensor Solenoid Valve (Under Acceleration) 19
14.5.13 Waveform - CDI 3 Injector 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI 3 Injector 19
14.5.14 Waveform - CDI 3 Pressure Regulator 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI 3 Pressure Regulator 19
14.5.15 Waveform - CDI 3 Quantity Control Valve 6.1 2 2   Waveform - CDI 3 Quantity Control Valve 19
14.5.16 Waveform - Common rail injector 6.1 3 3    
14.5.17 Waveform - MPROP valve 6.1 3 3    
14.5.18 Waveform - Rail pressure sensor 6.1 1 2    
14.5.19 Waveform - PD injector 6.1 3 4      
14.5.20 Waveform - Delphi Injector 6.1 4 4    
14.5.21 Waveform - Common Rail Pressure Sensor (Delphi) 6.1 2 2    
14.5.22 Waveform - Denso Common Rail Injector 6.1 4 4      
14.5.23 Waveform - Denso FTS 6.1 2 2    
14.5.24 Waveform - Denso SCV 6.1 3 3    
14.5.25 Waveform - Airflow intake / turbo boost pressure 6.1 3 2    
14.5.26 Waveform - Diesel Injector Lift Valve Sensor 6.1 2 2      
14.5.27 Waveform - Piezo Injector 6.1 3 3  
14.5.28 Waveform - TMAP on Turbocharged Diesel 6.1 2 2  
14.5.29 Waveform - turbo boost / air intake temp 6.1 2 2  
14.6 Waveform Library Motorcycle Engine Management  
14.6.1 Waveform - Motorcycle cranking 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle cranking 19
14.6.2 Waveform - Motorcycle Charging Volts & Amps 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Charging Volts & Amps 19
14.6.3 Waveform - Motorcycle Phase Wires 6.1 4 3   Waveform - Motorcycle Phase Wires 19
14.6.4 Waveform - Motorcycle Engine speed & position 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Engine speed & position 19
14.6.5 Waveform - Motorcycle Coolant & Intake Air Temperature 6.1 4 3   Waveform - Motorcycle Coolant & Intake Air Temperature 19
14.6.6 Waveform - Motorcycle Atmospheric Pressure Sensor 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Atmospheric Pressure Sensor 19
14.6.7 Waveform - Motorcycle Road speed Sensor 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Road speed Sensor 19
14.6.8 Waveform - Motorcycle Throttle Position Sensor 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Throttle Position Sensor 19
14.6.9 Waveform - Motorcycle Manifold Pressure Sensor 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Manifold Pressure Sensor 19
14.6.10 Waveform - Motorcycle Lambda Sensor 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Lambda Sensor 19
14.6.11 Waveform - Motorcycle Fuel Pump Current 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Fuel Pump Current 19
14.6.12 Waveform - Motorcycle Injector 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Injector 19
14.6.13 Waveform - Motorcycle Injector Current 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Injector Current 19
14.6.14 Waveform - Motorcycle Primary Ignition 6.1 3 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Primary Ignition 19
14.6.15 Waveform - Motorcycle Primary Ignition Current 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Primary Ignition Current 19
14.6.16 Waveform - Motorcycle Secondary Ignition (Negative Fired) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Secondary Ignition (Negative Fired) 19
14.6.17 Waveform - Motorcycle Secondary Ignition (Positive Fired) 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Secondary Ignition (Positive Fired) 19
14.6.18 Waveform - Motorcycle Side Stand Switch 6.1 4 3   Waveform - Motorcycle Side Stand Switch 19
14.6.19 Waveform - Motorcycle Neutral Switch 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Neutral Switch 19
14.6.20 Waveform - Motorcycle Cooling Fan Current 6.1 2 2   Waveform - Motorcycle Cooling Fan Current 19
15 Chapter page   Miscellaneous Topics 18
15.1 Mechanical Fuel Injection (K-jetronic) 11 14   Mechanical Fuel Injection 6
15.2 Liquefied Petroleum Gas 10 13   LPG 15
15.3 Hybrid Vehicles 10 8   Hybrid Vehicles 18 5.1
15.4 Variable Vale Timing 1 4   Variable valve timing 18
15.5 Electronic Steering Systems 3 3   Electronic Steering 18
15.6 Turbochargers 3 3   Turbochargers 18
15.7 Miscellaneous Older Technology   4 3   CO Potentiometers / Octane Plug 8
16 Chapter page  
16.1 Back to basics - Part 1 - Ignition Primary Circuits 6.1 6 6  
16.2 Back to basics - Part 2 - Trigger Signals (part 1) 6.1 5 4  
16.3 Back to basics - Part 3 - Trigger Signals (part 2) 6.1 7 4  
16.4 Back to basics - Part 4 - Trigger Signals (part 3) 6.1 7 5  
16.5 Back to basics - Part 5 - Primary vs Secondary 6.1 4 4  
16.6 Back to basics - Part 6 - Electronic Fuel Injection (part 1) 6.1 6 5  
16.7 Back to basics - Part 7 - Electronic Fuel Injection (part 2) 6.1 7 4  
16.8 Back to basics - Part 8 - Electronic Fuel Injection (part 3) 6.1 4 4  
16.9 Back to basics - Part 9 - Emission Related Components & Actuators 6.1 4 4  
16.10 Back to basics - Part 10 - Miscellaneous Sensor & Actuator Waveforms 6.1 7 5  
App A Health & Safety Disclaimer   Health & Safety / Disclaimer A
App B Glossary 6.1 0 8   Glossary C
App C Ebook Navigation 6.1   Navigation Tips B 5.1

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1.1 Web pages presentation  

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